Η εφημερίδα Freedom (1886-2019)

Η αναρχική εφημερίδα Freedom με έδρα το Λονδίνο εκδίδεται πλέον δύο φορές το χρόνο. Παλιότερα υπήρξε μηνιαία εφημερίδα.

Η εφημερίδα ξεκίνησε το 1886 εθελοντικά από αρκετό κόσμο, μεταξύ των οποίων κι ο Peter Kropotkin και η Charlotte Wilson, και συνέχισε τη λειτουργία της (με μια μικρή παύση στη δεκαετία του 1930) ως το 2014 ως τακτική έκδοση. Από το 2014 εκδίδεται ηλεκτρονικά και σε έντυπη μορφή δύο φορές το χρόνο. Ο αρχικός της τίτλος ήταν ” “A Journal of Anarchist Socialism” και τον Ιούνιο του 1889 άλλαξε σε “A Journal of Anarchist Communism”. Σήμερα λέγεται απλά “Anarchist Journal”.

19th Century

1886

October | November | December

1887

February | April
May | June | July | August
September

1890

January | April

1891

April | June

1900s

1900

1901

1906

1907

1908

1909

1910s

1910

1911

1912

1913

1914

1915

1916

January | February | March | April
May | June

1917

April | May | December

1918

September | November

1919

January | April

1920s

1921

June | August | December

1923

1926

1927

Note: Freedom πέρασε σε μια περίοδο αναστολής δραστηριότητας όταν κατεδαφίστηκε η έδρα της στην οδό Ossulston Street το 1927 και ο εκδότης Tom Keell’s την μετέφερε μαζί με το τυπογραφείο στην Whiteway Colony. Τα άτομα που διαφώνησαν με τον Keell σύντομα εκδόσανε το ‘Freedom Journal’ υπό τον Ambrose G Barker, και ο Keell εξέδιδε ένα μη περιοδικό ένθετο το ‘Freedom Bulletin’. Οι αρχές του 1930 είδαν την Freedom να εκδίδεται σπάνια σε οποιαδήποτε εκδοχή. Όμως το 1936 δημιουργήθηκε μια συλλογικότητα που έβγαζε το “Spain and The World”, με πρωτεργάτη τον Vernon Richards. Ο Keell και το μέλος της Freedom (από την προηγούμενή της έκδοση) Lilian Wolfe στήριξαν τη νέα έκδοση, η οποία κυκλοφορούσε ως το 1939, όταν άλλαξε το όνομά της σε Revolt, ύστερα σε War Commentary στη δεκαετία των 1940s και τελικά πάλι σε Freedom στο τέλος του Β’ Παγκόσμιου Πολέμου.

1928

July (Bulletin issue three) | September-October | November-December

1929

January-February | May | September

1930s

1930

February | July | December

1931

January (Barker’s Journal, issue nine) | July (Bulletin)

1932

February | June | December

1936

August (CNT/FAI Bulletin – final issue of ‘Freedom’ before founding of Spain and the World)

December: 11 (Vol 1:1, Spain and the World) | 24

1937

1938

1939

February: 11 (Revolt, issue one, replacing SatW) | 25
March: 25
April: 15
May: 1
June: 3

1940s

1940

March (War Commentary issue five, replacing Revolt)

1941

February | April | June | July

1942

March | July (early)

1943

August (mid)

1944

January
November: 11 | 25
December: 9

1945

(Freedom)
August: 25

1946

Februaryx

1947

1948

1949

April: 30

1950s

1950

1951

January: 6 | 20
February: 3 | 17
March: 3 | 17 | 31
April: 14
May: 5 | 12 | 19 | 26
June: 2 | 9 | 23 | 30
July: 7 | 14 | 21 | 28
August: 4 | 11 | 18 | 25
September: 1 | 8 | 15 | 22 | 29
October: 6 | 13 | 20 | 27
November: 3 | 10 | 17 | 24
December: 1 | 8 | 15 | 22 | 29

1952

January: 5 | 12 | 19 | 26
February: 2 | 9 | 16 | 23
Match: 1 | 8 | 15 | 22 | 29
April: 5 | 12 | 19 | 26
May: 3 | 10 | 17 | 24 | 31
June: 7 | 14 | 21 | 28
July: 5 | 12 | 19 | 26
August: 2 | 9 | 16 | 23 | 30
September: 6 | 13 | 20 | 27
October: 4 | 11 | 18
November: 1 | 8 | 15 | 22 | 29
December: 6 | 13 | 20 | 27

1953

January: 3 | 10 | 17 | 24 | 31
February: 7 | 14 | 21 | 28
March: 7 | 21 | 28
April: 04 |11 | 18 | 25
May: 2 | 9 | 16 | 23 | 30
June: 6 | 13 | 20 | 27
July: 4 | 11 | 18 | 25
August: 1 | 8 | 15 | 22 | 29
September: 5 | 12 | 19 | 26
October: 3 | 10 | 17 | 24 | 31
November: 7 | 14 | 21 | 28
December: 5 | 12 | 19 | 26

1958

January: 4 | 11 | 18 | 25
February: 1 | 8 | 15 | 22
March: 1 | 8 | 15 | 22 | 29
April: 5 | 12 | 19 | 26
May: 3 | 10 | 17 | 24 | 31
June: 7 | 14 | 21 | 28
July: 5 | 12 | 19 | 26
August: 2 | 9 | 16 | 23 | 30
September: 6 | 13 | 20 | 27
October: 4 | 11 | 18 | 25
November: 1 | 8 | 15 | 22 | 29
December: 6 | 13 | 20 | 27

1959

January: 3 | 10 | 17 | 31
February: 7 | 14 | 21 | 28
March: 7 | 14 | 21 | 28
April: 4 | 11 | 18 | 25
May: 2 | 9 | 16 | 23 | 30
June: 6 | 13 | 20 | 27
July: 4 | 11 | 18 | 28
August: 1 | 8 | 15 | 22 | 29
September: 5 | 12 | 19 | 26
October: 3 | 10 | 17 | 24 | 31
November: 7 | 16 | 21 | 28
December: 5 | 12 | 19 | 26

1960s

1960

January: 2 | 9 | 16 | 23 | 30
February: 6 | 13 | 20 | 27
March: 5 | 12 | 19 | 26
April: 2 | 9 | 16 | 30
May: 7 | 14 | 21 | 28
June: 4 | 11 | 18 | 25
July: 2 | 9 | 16 | 30
August: 6 | 13 | 20 | 27
September: 3 | 10 | 17 | 24
October: 1 | 8 | 15 | 22 | 29
November: 5 | 12 | 19 | 26
December: 3 | 10 | 17 | 24

1961

January: 14 | 21 | 28
February: 4 | 11 | 18
March: 4 | 11 | 18
April: 1 | 8 | 15 | 22
May: 6 | 13 | 20
June: 3 | 10 | 17
July: 1 | 8 | 15
August: 5 | 12 | 19
September: 2 | 9 | 16 | 23
October: 7 | 14 | 21
November: 4 | 11 | 18
December: 2 | 9 | 16 | 23

1962

October: 6 | 20
November: 3 | 10 | 17
December: 1 | 8 | 15 | 22

1963

January: 5 | 19
February: 2 | 9 | 16 | 23
March: 9 | 16 | 23
April: 6 | 13 | 20
May: 4 | 11 | 18
June: 1 | 8 | 15 | 22
July: 6 | 13 | 20
August: 3 | 10 | 17 | 24
September: 7 | 14 | 21 | 28
October: 6 | 12 | 19 | 26
November: 9 | 16 | 23 | 30
December: 1 | 8 | 14 | 21

1964

January: 18 | 25
February: 8 | 15 | 22 | 29
March: 14 | 28
April: 11 | 26
May: 9 | 16 | 23 | 30
June: 13 | 20 | 27
July: 11 | 18 | 25
August: 8 | 15 | 22 | 29
September: 12 | 19 | 26
October: 17 | 24 | 31
November: 14 | 21 | 28
December: 12 | 26

1965

January: 9 | 16 | 23 | 30
February: 13 | 20 | 27
March: 13 | 20 | 27
April: 10 | 17 | 24
May: 8 | 15 | 22 | 29
June: 12 | 19 | 26
July: 10 | 17 | 24 | 31
August: 14 | 21 | 28
September: 11 | 18 | 25
October: 9 | 16 | 23 | 30
November: 13 | 20 | 27
December: 11 | 18 | 25

1966

January: 8 | 15 | 22 | 29
February: 12 | 19 | 26
March: 12 | 19 | 26
April: 9 | 16 | 23 | 30
May: 14 | 21 | 28
June: 11 | 18 | 25
July: 9 | 16 | 23 | 30
August: 27 | 13 | 20
September: 10 | 17 | 24
October: 8 | 15 | 22 | 29
November: 12 | 19 | 26
December: 10 | 17 | 24

1967

January: 14 | 21 | 28
February: 11 | 18 | 25
March: 11 | 18 | 25
April: 8 | 15 | 29
May: 13 | 20 | 27
June: 10 | 17 | 24
July: 8 | 15 | 22 | 29
August: 12 | 19 | 26
September: 9 | 16 | 23 | 30
October: 14 | 21 | 28
November: 11 | 18 | 25
December: 2 | 9 | 16 | 23

1968

January: 13 | 20 | 27
February: 10 | 17 | 24
March: 9 | 16 | 30
April: 13 | 20 | 27
May: 11 | 18 | 25
June: 8 | 15 | 22 | 29
July: 13 | 20 | 27
August: 10 | 17 | 24 | 31
September: 14 | 21 | 28
October: 12 | 19 | 26
November: 9 | 16 | 23 | 30
December: 14 | 21 | 28

1969

January: 11 | 18 | 25
February: 8 | 15 | 22
March: 8 | 15 | 22 | 29
April: 5 | 19 | 26
May: 10 | 17 | 24 | 31
June: 14 | 19 | 28
July: 12 | 19 | 26
August: 9 | 16 | 23 | 30
September: 13 | 20 | 27
October: 11 | 18 | 25
November: 8 | 15 | 22 | 29
December: 6 | 13 | 20

1970s

1970

January: 10 | 17 | 24 | 31
February: 14 | 21 | 28
March: 9 | 21 | 28
April: 11 | 18 | 25
May: 9 | 16 | 23 | 30
June: 13 | 20 | 27
July: 11 | 18 | 25
August: 8 | 15 | 22 | 29
September: 12 | 19 | 26
October: 10 | 17 | 24 | 31
November: 14 | 21 | 28
December: 5 | 12 | 19

1971

January: 9 | 16 | 23 | 30
February: 27
March: 13 |20 | 27
April: 10 | 17 | 24
May: 1 | 8 | 15 | 22 | 29
June: 12 | 19 | 26
July: 10 | 17 | 24 | 31
August: 14 | 21 | 28
September: 11 | 18
October: 2 | 9 | 16 | 23 | 30
November: 13 | 20 | 27
December: 11 | 18 | 25

1972

January: 1 | 8 | 15 | 22 | 29
February: 12 | 19 | 26
March: 4 |
April: 1 | 8 | 15 | 29
May: 6 | 13 | 27
June: 3 | 10 | 17 | 24
July: 1 | 8 | 15 | 22 | 29
August: 5 | 12 | 19 | 26
September: 2 | 9 | 16 | 23 | 30
October: 7 | 14 | 21
November: 4 | 11 | 18 | 25
December: 2 | 9 | 16 | 23